Content analysis of NOC outcomes related to mechanical ventilation in people with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evidence of content validity of the Nursing Outcomes "Mechanical Ventilation Response: Adult" and "Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Response: Adult", for patients with severe COVID-19. METHOD: Methodological study developed in two stages: literature review to construct the definitions of the indicators and analysis of the evidence of content validity of the nursing outcomes by a focus group. RESULTS: All the conceptual and operational definitions developed for the 56 indicators were considered clear and precise. However, 17 indicators were excluded because they were deemed not to be relevant. The definitions of the magnitudes for 17 indicators of the Nursing Outcome "Mechanical Ventilation Response: Adult" and 22 indicators "Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Response: Adult" were thus constructed. CONCLUSION: The development of definitions and validation by experts makes the use of these outcomes and their indicators more understandable and precise, favoring their use in clinical practice and providing greater detail in assessment and recording.

New Perspective on the Use of α-Bisabolol for Weed Control.

The indiscriminate use of synthetic herbicides reduces its effectiveness. Bioherbicides produced with metabolites emerge as an alternative to managing weeds. We aimed to analyze the phytotoxic potential of the essential oil of Vanillosmopsis arborea (EOVA) and the α-bisabolol molecule, its main component. We evaluated the effects of EOVA and α-bisabolol at different concentrations on the germination, growth, antioxidant metabolism, and photosynthesis of different species. EOVA and α-bisabolol showed promising phytotoxic effects on the germination and initial growth of the weed Senna occidentalis, inhibiting the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and increasing lipid peroxidation. α-Bisabolol reduced the weed seedling growth by inducing oxidative stress, which suggests a greater role in postemergence. Moreover, in the weed postemergence, both EOVA and α-bisabolol caused damage in the shoots, reduced the chlorophyll content, and increased lipid peroxidation besides reducing photosynthesis in S. occidentalis. Overall, we suggest the promising action of α-bisabolol and EOVA as bioherbicides for weed control.

Development of a Gold Nanoparticle-Based ELISA for Detection of PCV2.

In this new methodology, plasmonic ELISA (pELISA) was used to detect Circovirus porcine2 (PCV2) in serum samples without the need for plate reading equipment. This process occurs by adapting the conventional ELISA test with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to promote a color change on the plate and quickly identify this difference with the naked eye, generating a dark purple-gray hue when the samples are positive and red when the samples are negative. The technique demonstrated high efficiency in detecting samples with a viral load ≥ 5 log10 copies/mL. Plasmonic ELISA offers user-friendly, cost-effective, and reliable characteristics, making it a valuable tool for PCV2 diagnosis and potentially adaptable for other pathogen detection applications.

Kisspeptin (Kp-10) inhibits in vitro osteogenic differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells extracted from the bone marrow of adult rats.

Kisspeptin (Kp-10) is a neuropeptide that binds to GPR54 receptors, exerting several functions mainly in the nervous and reproductive systems of the body. However, its effects and mechanisms of action on the skeletal system remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of Kp-10 on in vitro osteogenic differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) extracted from the bone marrow (BM) of adult Wistar rats. Two-month-old female rats were euthanized to extract BM from long bones to obtain MSCs. Four experimental groups were established in vitro: a control and Kp-10 at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05 and, 0.1 µg/mL. After induction of osteogenic differentiation, cell viability was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, percentage of area covered by MSCs/field and mineralized nodules/field, and immunocytochemistry of the GPR54 receptor tests. Furthermore, evaluation of gene transcripts for type I collagen, Runx-2, Bmp-2, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and osteopontin was performed using real-time RT-qPCR. It was observed that MSCs expressed GPR54 receptor to which Kp-10 binds during osteogenic differentiation, promoting a negative effect on osteogenic differentiation. This effect was observed at all the Kp-10 concentrations in a concentration-dependent manner, characterized by a decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase, collagen synthesis, mineralized nodules, and decreased expression of gene transcripts for type I collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and Runx-2. Thus, Kp-10 inhibits in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs extracted from the BM of adult Wistar rats.

Diagnosis, evolution, and treatment of a patient with pyomyositis / Diagnóstico, evolução e tratamento de paciente com piomiosite

Pyomyositis is a deep muscle infection of bacterial origin and subacute, which can evolve with multiple intramuscular abscesses. Despite being characterized as an affection of tropical zones, its incidence in temperate zones has been increasing due to immunosuppression factors, such as infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and some types of immunosuppressive treatments. Even though it has been known for over a century, it is a rare and potentially serious condition that can lead to septic shock and death. This is a case report of a descriptive nature, which found the relevance of knowledge about this condition for an early diagnosis, enabling positive prognostic repercussions.

A piomiosite é uma infecção muscular profunda, de origem bacteriana e caráter subagudo, que pode evoluir com abcessos intramusculares múltiplos. Apesar de ser caracterizada como uma afecção de zonas tropicais, sua incidência em zonas temperadas vem aumentando por fatores de imunossupressão, como a infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e alguns tipos de tratamentos imunossupressivos. Mesmo sendo conhecida há mais de um século, é uma condição rara e potencialmente grave, podendo levar ao choque séptico e óbito. Trata-se de um relato de caso de caráter descritivo, que constatou a relevância do conhecimento desta afecção para um diagnóstico precoce, possibilitando repercussões prognósticas positivas.

Podcasts as an integral part of free open access medical education / Os podcasts como parte integrante da educação médica de acesso aberto e gratuito

Abstract: Introduction: Podcasts are audio broadcasts distributed over the internet that can be consumed through various platforms. From students to independent clinicians, the profile of medical podcast users is varied and a richer understanding of this user is essential for effective podcast development. Objective: To review the current literature on the use of podcasts as a health education tool and to understand the stages involved in preparing a medical podcast. Methods: The study is a narrative review developed through research in databases carried out at Unichristus University, in the city of Fortaleza-CE. An analysis of articles on podcasts or data on the prevalence of use, production or results of the use of podcasts for health education purposes was performed. A screening was performed by reading the abstracts and titles of 165 articles found in the Medline database, using the keywords 'Podcasts' and 'medical education', which resulted in 23 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: Based on the content found in the literature, the review was divided into seven categories: formats, episode duration, activities carried out while listening to a podcast, learning assessment, suggestions, developing a medical podcast and the podcast as a complementary teaching tool. Conclusion: the podcast is considered a promising medium of communication as a complementary tool to the traditional teaching methods, and educators should focus on developing evaluation processes for this technology, refining evidence-based guidelines for creating new podcasts.

Resumo: Introdução: Podcasts são transmissões de áudio distribuídas através de internet e podem ser consumidas por meio de plataformas variadas. De estudantes a clínicos independentes, o perfil de quem consome podcast médico é variado e uma compreensão mais rica deste usuário é essencial para desenvolvimento eficaz do podcast. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura atual sobre uso do podcast como ferramenta de educação médica e entender sobre as etapas de elaboração de um podcast médico. Métodos: O estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa desenvolvida através de pesquisa em bases de dados realizada na Universidade Unichristus, na cidade de Fortaleza-CE. Foi realizada análise de artigos sobre podcast ou com dados sobre prevalência de uso, produção ou resultados do uso de podcasts para fins de ensino médico. Foi feita triagem por resumo e título de 165 artigos encontrados na base de dados no Medline com as palavras-chave Podcasts e educação médica, que resultou em 23 artigos que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: A partir do conteúdo encontrado na literatura, a revisão foi dividida em sete categorias: formatos, duração do episódio, atividades realizadas enquanto se escuta um podcast, avaliação do aprendizado, sugestões, desenvolvendo um podcast médico e o podcast como ferramenta de ensino complementar. Conclusão: O meio é considerado promissor como ferramenta complementar aos métodos tradicionais de ensino, devendo os educadores se concentrarem no desenvolvimento de processos de avaliação desta tecnologia, refinando diretrizes baseadas em evidências para criação de novos podcasts.

Incidence of radiodermatitis in breast cancer patients during hypofractionated radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence, dose of occurrence, grade, severity, and associated risk factors for the development of radiodermatitis, by area of the irradiated breast, in women with breast cancer, during hypofractionated radiotherapy. METHOD: Observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, according to the guidelines of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology, carried out between May 2019 and May 2021. RESULTS: A total of 104 women participated in the study, and 73.1% (95%CI: 64-82) developed signs of radiodermatitis during treatment. The majority (63.5%, 95%CI: 54-73) developed erythema in the axillary region with about 36.5 Grays. Women with large breasts and statin users are more likely to develop radiodermatitis. However, women with Phototype III skin color classification (light brown skin) are less likely to develop radiodermatitis, with skin color being a protective factor. CONCLUSION: The incidence of radiodermatitis in women with breast cancer during hypofractionated radiotherapy is significant. Therefore, the development of protocols for the management of this radiotoxicity is suggested, considering the cumulative dose and associated risk factors.

IGF-1 increases survival of CD4+ lineage in a 2D model of thymocyte/thymic stromal cell co-culture.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in addition to its classic effects on cell proliferation and organism growth, has pleiotropic actions on the immune system, particularly on the thymus. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of IGF-1 on molecules involved in the survival of thymocytes in vitro using a co-culture system with thymic stromal cells obtained from C57BL/6 mice. The obtained thymic stroma has contained thymic epithelial cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and preserved the expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Fresh thymocytes were added to these cultures and the co-culture were treated daily with IGF-1 (100 ng/mL) for 3 days. In this scheme, the viability of the thymocytes was about 70%, either in the control (non-treated cells) or in the IGF-1-treated cultures. It was found that IGF-1 was able to increase the percentage of thymocytes from the CD4+ single-positive (SP) subset. This result was accompanied by an increase in the MHC II expression on thymic stromal cells and an augment on the interleukin-7 receptor (CD127) on the surface of the CD4 SP thymocytes after treatment with IGF-1. Finally, IGF-1 treatment increased the expression of the ThPOK encoding gene Zbtb7b, which is involved in the differentiation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. Our study demonstrates the participation of IGF-1 in the thymocyte/thymic stroma interactions, especially in the extended survival of the CD4+ lineage in the thymus.

A multi-adenylate cyclase regulator at the flagellar tip controls African trypanosome transmission.

Signaling from ciliary microdomains controls developmental processes in metazoans. Trypanosome transmission requires development and migration in the tsetse vector alimentary tract. Flagellar cAMP signaling has been linked to parasite social motility (SoMo) in vitro, yet uncovering control of directed migration in fly organs is challenging. Here we show that the composition of an adenylate cyclase (AC) complex in the flagellar tip microdomain is essential for tsetse salivary gland (SG) colonization and SoMo. Cyclic AMP response protein 3 (CARP3) binds and regulates multiple AC isoforms. CARP3 tip localization depends on the cytoskeletal protein FLAM8. Re-localization of CARP3 away from the tip microdomain is sufficient to abolish SoMo and fly SG colonization. Since intrinsic development is normal in carp3 and flam8 knock-out parasites, AC complex-mediated tip signaling specifically controls parasite migration and thereby transmission. Participation of several developmentally regulated receptor-type AC isoforms may indicate the complexity of the in vivo signals perceived.

Rhodnius prolixus Hemolymph Immuno-Physiology: Deciphering the Systemic Immune Response Triggered by Trypanosoma cruzi Establishment in the Vector Using Quantitative Proteomics.

Understanding the development of Trypanosoma cruzi within the triatomine vector at the molecular level should provide novel targets for interrupting parasitic life cycle and affect vectorial competence. The aim of the current study is to provide new insights into triatomines immunology through the characterization of the hemolymph proteome of Rhodnius prolixus, a major Chagas disease vector, in order to gain an overview of its immune physiology. Surprisingly, proteomics investigation of the immunomodulation of T. cruzi-infected blood reveals that the parasite triggers an early systemic response in the hemolymph. The analysis of the expression profiles of hemolymph proteins from 6 h to 24 h allowed the identification of a broad range of immune proteins expressed already in the early hours post-blood-feeding regardless of the presence of the parasite, ready to mount a rapid response exemplified by the significant phenol oxidase activation. Nevertheless, we have also observed a remarkable induction of the immune response triggered by an rpPGRP-LC and the overexpression of defensins 6 h post-T. cruzi infection. Moreover, we have identified novel proteins with immune properties such as the putative c1q-like protein and the immunoglobulin I-set domain-containing protein, which have never been described in triatomines and could play a role in T. cruzi recognition. Twelve proteins with unknown function are modulated by the presence of T. cruzi in the hemolymph. Determining the function of these parasite-induced proteins represents an exciting challenge for increasing our knowledge about the diversity of the immune response from the universal one studied in holometabolous insects. This will provide us with clear answers for misunderstood mechanisms in host-parasite interaction, leading to the development of new generation strategies to control vector populations and pathogen transmission.

Left frontal pole repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces cigarette cue-reactivity in correlation with verbal memory performance.

BACKGROUND: Although left frontal pole (LFP) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been recently investigated for the treatment of different substance use disorders, there is no current evidence that it can effectively influence craving or clinical outcomes in smokers. A single session of 1 Hz rTMS over LFP is proposed to explore short-term effects of this protocol in tobacco use disorder. METHODS: A pilot randomized trial compared 1 Hz rTMS of the LFP (n = 12) and primary motor cortex (n = 12) in a high-craving, severe nicotine dependence population (9 females, 15 males). A cigarette cue-reactivity paradigm with smoking-related and neutral visual stimuli was used for primary outcome measures. Chronic craving, dependence severity, impulsivity and cognitive measures were also obtained. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, LFP rTMS significantly reduced cue-reactivity to both smoking-related and neutral cue types, while no change occurred in the motor cortex group. Reactivity to affectively neutral pictures was significantly reduced in the LFP vs. motor cortex analysis. There was one robust correlation between verbal memory recall score and reduction of neutral cue-reactivity. CONCLUSIONS: LFP 1 Hz rTMS significantly reduced cigarette cue-reactivity. Association of change in cue-reactivity with verbal memory performance suggests a relationship between craving experiences and declarative memory systems that seems relevant to rTMS effects.

Neuropeptides in Rhipicephalus microplus and other hard ticks.

The synganglion is the central nervous system of ticks and, as such, controls tick physiology. It does so through the production and release of signaling molecules, many of which are neuropeptides. These peptides can function as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and/or neurohormones, although in most cases their functions remain to be established. We identified and performed in silico characterization of neuropeptides present in different life stages and organs of Rhipicephalus microplus, generating transcriptomes from ovary, salivary glands, fat body, midgut and embryo. Annotation of synganglion transcripts led to the identification of 32 functional categories of proteins, of which the most abundant were: secreted, energetic metabolism and oxidant metabolism/detoxification. Neuropeptide precursors are among the sequences over-represented in R. microplus synganglion, with at least 5-fold higher transcription compared with other stages/organs. A total of 52 neuropeptide precursors were identified: ACP, achatin, allatostatins A, CC and CCC, allatotropin, bursicon A/B, calcitonin A and B, CCAP, CCHamide, CCRFamide, CCH/ITP, corazonin, DH31, DH44, eclosion hormone, EFLamide, EFLGGPamide, elevenin, ETH, FMRFamide myosuppressin-like, glycoprotein A2/B5, gonadulin, IGF, inotocin, insulin-like peptides, iPTH, leucokinin, myoinhibitory peptide, NPF 1 and 2, orcokinin, proctolin, pyrokinin/periviscerokinin, relaxin, RYamide, SIFamide, sNPF, sulfakinin, tachykinin and trissin. Several of these neuropeptides have not been previously reported in ticks, as the presence of ETH that was first clearly identified in Parasitiformes, which include ticks and mites. Prediction of the mature neuropeptides from precursor sequences was performed using available information about these peptides from other species, conserved domains and motifs. Almost all neuropeptides identified are also present in other tick species. Characterizing the role of neuropeptides and their respective receptors in tick physiology can aid the evaluation of their potential as drug targets.

Accuracy of clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis of dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility in infants.

This study aimed to analyze the accuracy of the clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis of dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility in infants from neonatal units and identify their association with clinical variables. This is a study of the diagnostic accuracy of clinical indicators of the diagnosis of dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility, with a cross-sectional design, performed on 228 hospitalized infants in neonatal units. A high prevalence of dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility was identified in the studied population. Regarding accuracy measures, clinical indicators such as increased gastric residual, changes in bowel sounds, bile-colored gastric residual, regurgitation, absence of flatus, and hard and formed stool were useful to discriminate between infants with and without dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility. The findings can help nurses during the diagnostic process, as they identify which defining characteristics can be used to confirm or rule out the probability of occurrence of the diagnosis.

Interações significativas de homens alcoolistas em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19 / Meaningful interactions of alcoholic men in times of the COVID-19 pandemic

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender as atitudes significativas de homens alcoolistas e suas expressões de sentimentos diante das interações familiares e comunitárias em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo exploratório, fundamentado no método da História Oral de Vida. Os participantes desta pesquisa foram cinco homens que vivenciam o alcoolismo, residentes em um município do estado da Bahia, acompanhados pelo Centro de Atenção Psicossocial álcool e outras drogas. Foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada para a coleta de informações, no período de março a abril de 2021, mediante videoconferências pela Plataforma Digital Google Meet. O conteúdo dos relatos orais foi analisado por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Observou-se que as atitudes significativas do homem alcoolista foram impactadas pelos desdobramentos da pandemia, principalmente devido à adoção das medidas sanitárias, como o distanciamento social. Identificou-se ainda algumas expressões de sentimentos do homem alcoolista diante das interações familiares e comunitárias na pandemia, a exemplo de medo, desconfiança e insegurança afetiva, e exclusão social, além de expressões como fé, gratidão e esperança. Os participantes expressaram em suas falas atitudes de mudanças no convívio social e nos hábitos nesse período pandêmico, incluindo o uso de máscaras e álcool em gel além da diminuição no consumo do álcool para a maioria deles. Afirma-se então, que as interações simbólicas provenientes do cenário pandêmico promoveram atitudes de proteção que englobam o autocuidado e o cuidado coletivo, além de interações marcadas por conflitos familiares.

This study aimed to understand the meaningful attitudes of alcoholic men and their expressions of feelings in the face of family and community interactions in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study, based on the Oral History of Life method. The participants of this study were five men who experience alcoholism, living in a municipality in the state of Bahia, accompanied by the Psychosocial Care Center for alcohol and other drugs. A semi-structured interview was used to collect information, from March to April 2021, through videoconferences through the Google Meet Digital Platform. The content of the oral reports was analyzed using a content analysis technique. It was observed that the significant attitudes of the alcoholic man were impacted by the unfolding of the pandemic, mainly due to the adoption of sanitary measures, such as social distancing. Some expressions of feelings were also identified of these men facing family and community interactions during the pandemic, such as fear, distrust, and affective insecurity, and social exclusion, in addition to expressions such as faith, gratitude, and hope. The participants' discourses expressed attitudes of changes in social life and habits during this pandemic period, including the use of masks and gel alcohol in addition to the decrease in alcohol consumption for most of them. Therefore, the symbolic interactions arising from the pandemic scenario promoted protective attitudes that encompass self-care and collective care, in addition to interactions marked by family conflicts.

Incidence of radiodermatitis in breast cancer patients during hypofractionated radiotherapy / Incidencia de radiodermatitis en pacientes con cáncer de mama durante la radioterapia hipofraccionada / Incidência de radiodermatite em pacientes com câncer de mama durante a radioterapia hipofracionada

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the incidence, dose of occurrence, grade, severity, and associated risk factors for the development of radiodermatitis, by area of the irradiated breast, in women with breast cancer, during hypofractionated radiotherapy. Method: Observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, according to the guidelines of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology, carried out between May 2019 and May 2021. Results: A total of 104 women participated in the study, and 73.1% (95%CI: 64-82) developed signs of radiodermatitis during treatment. The majority (63.5%, 95%CI: 54-73) developed erythema in the axillary region with about 36.5 Grays. Women with large breasts and statin users are more likely to develop radiodermatitis. However, women with Phototype III skin color classification (light brown skin) are less likely to develop radiodermatitis, with skin color being a protective factor. Conclusion: The incidence of radiodermatitis in women with breast cancer during hypofractionated radiotherapy is significant. Therefore, the development of protocols for the management of this radiotoxicity is suggested, considering the cumulative dose and associated risk factors.

RESUMEN Objectivo: Analizar la incidencia, dosis de ocurrencia, grado, severidad y factores de riesgo asociados para el desarrollo de radiodermatitis, por área de la mama irradiada, en mujeres con cáncer de mama, durante radioterapia hipofraccionada. Método: Estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal, según las directrices del Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology, realizado entre mayo de 2019 y mayo de 2021. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 104 mujeres, el 73,1% (IC 95%: 64-82) desarrollaron signos de radiodermatitis durante el tratamiento. La mayoría (63,5%, IC95%: 54-73) desarrolló eritema en la región axilar con alrededor de 36,5 Grays. Las mujeres con senos grandes y usuarias de estatinas tienen más probabilidades de desarrollar radiodermatitis. Sin embargo, las mujeres con color de piel clasificado como Fototipo III (piel morena clara) tienen menos probabilidades de desarrollar radiodermatitis, siendo el color de piel un factor protector. Conclusión: La incidencia de radiodermatitis en mujeres con cáncer de mama durante la radioterapia hipofraccionada es significativa. Por lo tanto, se sugiere el desarrollo de protocolos para el manejo de esta radiotoxicidad, considerando la dosis acumulada y los factores de riesgo asociados.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a incidência, a dose de ocorrência, o grau, a severidade e os fatores de risco associados para o desenvolvimento de radiodermatite, por área da mama irradiada, em mulheres com câncer de mama, durante a radioterapia hipofracionada. Método: Estudo observacional, prospectivo e longitudinal, conforme diretrizes do Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology, realizado entre maio de 2019 e maio de 2021. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 104 mulheres, 73,1% (IC95%: 64-82) desenvolveram sinais de radiodermatite durante o tratamento. A maioria (63,5%, IC95%: 54-73) desenvolveu eritema na região axilar com cerca de 36,5 Grays. Mulheres com mamas volumosas e usuárias de estatinas possuem maior chance de desenvolver radiodermatite. Entretanto, mulheres com a cor da pele classificada como Fototipo III (pele morena clara) possuem menor chance de desenvolver radiodermatite, sendo a cor da pele um fator protetor. Conclusão A incidência de radiodermatite em mulheres com câncer de mama durante a radioterapia hipofracionada é expressiva. Sugere-se, portanto, o desenvolvimento de protocolos para o manejo desta radiotoxicidade, considerando a dose cumulativa e fatores de risco associados.

Secretários de saúde e aspectos relacionados à gestão das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares / Health secretaries and aspects related to the management of Integrative and Complementary Practices

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender a percepção dos secretários de saúde sobre o conceito de saúde, descrever as vivências deles diante dos desafios pertinentes à gestão das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) e identificar se tais práticas já foram foco de discussão na Comissão Intergestores Regional (CIR). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, realizada com 22 secretários(as) de saúde em municípios da Bahia entre os meses de maio e novembro de 2018. As entrevistas foram coletadas por meio de roteiro semiestruturado e gravadas, transcritas e analisadas por intermédio da análise de conteúdo temática. Os secretários de saúde relataram que entre os entraves que perpassam a oferta das PICS nos serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) estão os recursos materiais e a dificuldade em ter profissionais capacitados, além da falta de uma estrutura física. Todos os secretários afirmaram que as PICS não foram tema de discussão nas reuniões da CIR. Faz-se necessário a participação da população, equipes de saúde e gestores nos espaços dos colegiados de gestão, a fim de proporcionar articulações visando o fortalecimento das PICS enquanto recurso potente para a atenção integral em saúde.

Abstract This research aimed to understand health secretaries' perception of the concept of health, describe the experiences of these secretaries before challenges related to the management of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (PICS), and identify if the Regional Interagency Committee (CIR) has discussed these practices. This is a qualitative and exploratory study conducted with 22 health secretaries in municipalities of Bahia from May to November 2018. The interviews were collected with a semi-structured script and recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by thematic content analysis. According to the health secretaries, some of the obstacles to PICS supply in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) services are the lack of material resources, trained professionals, and a physical structure. All secretaries affirmed that PICS were not discussed at CIR meetings. The participation of the population, health teams, and managers in the committees is essential to hold discussions and strengthen the PICS as a powerful resource for comprehensive health care.

Incidence of acute radiodermatitis in women with breast cancer undergoing hypofractionated radiotherapy / Incidencia de radiodermatitis aguda en mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidas a la radioterapia hipofraccionada / Incidência de radiodermatite aguda em mulheres com câncer de mama submetidas à radioterapia hipofracionada

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the incidence and degree of acute radiodermatitis at the end and after the end of treatment in women with breast cancer undergoing hypofractionated radiotherapy. Methods: Observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, conducted between March 2019 and January 2020, in a radiotherapy outpatient clinic. Results: Thirty-two women participated in the study, among whom, in the last session of hypofractionated radiotherapy, 15 (46.9%) had radiodermatitis, erythema in 13 (40.6%), and wet peeling in 2 (6.3%). In the post-treatment evaluation, 27 (84.4%) had radiodermatitis, erythema in 17 (53.1%), dry peeling in 8 (25%), and wet peeling in 2 (6.3%). Conclusion: The general incidence of radiodermatitis after hypofractionated radiotherapy in women with breast cancer was 37.5%, erythema, 12.5%, and dry peeling, 25%. The development of care protocols for the management of radiodermatitis after treatment is of paramount importance.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Estimar la incidencia y el grado de radiodermatitis aguda al final y después el término del tratamiento en mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidas a la radioterapia hipofraccionada. Métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal, realizado entre marzo de 2019 y enero de 2020, en un ambulatorio de radioterapia. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 32 mujeres, de entre las cuales, en la última sesión de radioterapia hipofraccionada, 15 (46,9%) presentaban radiodermatitis, siendo eritema en 13 (40,6%) y descamación húmeda en 2 (6,3%). En la evaluación después del tratamiento, 27 (84,4%) presentaban radiodermatitis, siendo eritema en 17 (53,1%), descamación seca en 8 (25%) y descamación húmeda en 2 (6,3%). Conclusión: La incidencia general de radiodermatitis después radioterapia hipofraccionada en mujeres con cáncer de mama fue 37,5%: eritema, 12,5%; y descamación seca, 25%. Es de suma importancia el desarrollo de protocolos asistenciales para el manejo de radiodermatitis después del tratamiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar a incidência e o grau de radiodermatite aguda ao final e após o término do tratamento em mulheres com câncer de mama submetidas à radioterapia hipofracionada. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo e longitudinal, realizado entre março de 2019 e janeiro de 2020, em um ambulatório de radioterapia. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 32 mulheres, dentre as quais, na última sessão de radioterapia hipofracionada, 15 (46,9%) apresentavam radiodermatite, sendo eritema em 13 (40,6%) e descamação úmida em 2 (6,3%). Na avaliação após o tratamento, 27 (84,4%) apresentavam radiodermatite, sendo eritema em 17 (53,1%), descamação seca em 8 (25%) e descamação úmida em 2 (6,3%). Conclusão: A incidência geral de radiodermatite após radioterapia hipofracionada em mulheres com câncer de mama foi 37,5%: eritema, 12,5%; e descamação seca, 25%. É de suma importância o desenvolvimento de protocolos assistenciais para o manejo de radiodermatite após o tratamento.

Bioactivity and molecular properties of Phenoxyacetic Acids Derived from Eugenol and Guaiacol compared to the herbicide 2,4-D.

Herbicides are agrochemicals applied in the control of weeds. With the frequent and repetitive use of these substances, serious problems have been reported. Compounds of natural origin and their derivatives are attractive options to obtain new compounds with herbicidal properties. By aiming to develop compounds with potentiated herbicidal activity, phenoxyacetic acids were synthesized from eugenol and guaiacol. The synthesized compounds were characterized and the herbicidal potential of phenoxyacetic acids and precursors was evaluated through bioassays regarding the germination and initial development of Lactuca sativa and Sorghum bicolor seedlings, with the induction of DNA damage. The induction of changes in the mitotic cycle of meristematic cells of roots of L. sativa was also analyzed. At the concentration of 3 mmol L-1, phenols and their respective phenoxyacetic acids presented phytotoxic and cytotoxic activities in L. sativa and S. bicolor. Eugenol and guaiacol also presented genotoxic action in L. sativa. The toxic effect of eugenoxyacetic acid was more pronounced in L. sativa than in S. bicolor, similar to the commercial 2,4-D herbicide. Molecular properties of the phenols and their derivatives phenoxyacetic acids were compared with the ones obtained for the herbicide 2,4-D, where it was found a correlation between their molecular properties and bioactivity.

Incidence of acute radiodermatitis in women with breast cancer undergoing hypofractionated radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence and degree of acute radiodermatitis at the end and after the end of treatment in women with breast cancer undergoing hypofractionated radiotherapy. METHODS: Observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, conducted between March 2019 and January 2020, in a radiotherapy outpatient clinic. RESULTS: Thirty-two women participated in the study, among whom, in the last session of hypofractionated radiotherapy, 15 (46.9%) had radiodermatitis, erythema in 13 (40.6%), and wet peeling in 2 (6.3%). In the post-treatment evaluation, 27 (84.4%) had radiodermatitis, erythema in 17 (53.1%), dry peeling in 8 (25%), and wet peeling in 2 (6.3%). CONCLUSION: The general incidence of radiodermatitis after hypofractionated radiotherapy in women with breast cancer was 37.5%, erythema, 12.5%, and dry peeling, 25%. The development of care protocols for the management of radiodermatitis after treatment is of paramount importance.